Question

By the end of the Reconstruction era, most African-Americans in the United States

a. had received a free college education paid for by wealthy northerners.
b. found themselves owners of the land their ancestors had worked on as slaves.
c. began to migrate in massive numbers to the rural South to pursue farming jobs.
d. found themselves increasingly left out of the political process because of poll taxes and literacy tests.

Answer 1

While the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments were intended to ensure African-Americans equal rights, such was not the case. Many states in the south found way around these Constitutional provisions, and many African Americans found themselves increasingly left out of the political process because of poll taxes and literacy tests.

Answer 2

After the end of the Reconstruction era, the situation of African-Americans was far from good, while being given citizenship, they were still de facto discriminated, for example because they d. found themselves increasingly left out of the political process because of poll taxes and literacy tests.