Final answer:
The capital of the Inca Empire was Cuzco, which was the administrative and cultural hub of the empire. Known for impressive Inca architecture like Machu Picchu, the city was in the heart of the Inca civilization and the origin of its expansive road systems. The official language spoken was Quechua.
Step-by-step explanation:
The capital city of the Inca Empire was Cuzco, which is located in present-day Peru. As the heart of the vast Inca Empire during the 15th century, Cuzco was a hub of government, religion, and culture for the Incas. The official language of the Incas was Quechua, which is still spoken by the indigenous people of Peru today. In terms of agriculture, both the Aztecs and Incas used terracing, a farming system in the form of steps going up a mountain, which allowed them to cultivate on steep slopes. One notable example of Inca architecture and engineering is Machu Picchu, a city built as a royal retreat that showcases the Inca's mastery of stonework without the use of mortar.
The Inca Empire, also known as Tawantinsuyu, was the largest empire in the world at the time of its zenith. Cuzco not only served as the administrative center but also as a symbol of the Inca's power, housing the Sapa Inca (Emperor) and remarkable structures like the fortress of Sacsayhuaman. After the Spanish conquest, Francisco Pizarro established a new capital, now known as Lima.