Answer:
Oxygen and Hydrogen atoms bond to form water - COVALENT BOND
Sodium and chlorines bond to form table salt - IONIC BOND
Explanations:
Covalent bonding
A covalent bond is a chemical bond in which pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms. Example of compounds that possesses covalent bond includes water (H2O), methane (CH4), etc...
From the water molecule shown in the diagram, you can see that oxygen has 6 valence electrons in its outermost shell while the hydrogen atom has 2 electrons each in its outermost shell. Since oxygen needs 2 electrons to complete its outermost shell (octet rule)l, it will have to share the two electrons from the hydrogen to form a covalent bond with the hydrogen atoms.
Ionic bonding
In contrast, ionic bonding is the type of bonding that occurs between a metal and a non-metal. In ionic bonding, the metal donates (donor) its lone electron to the non-metal (acceptor) to form a negative ion
For instance, sodium chloride (NaCl) is a typical ionic bonding whereby the sodium atom loses its electrons to form a +1 ion while chlorine gains the lone electron to form a negative (-1) ion.
