The correct answer is: "Northerners who tried to make money off the dire situation in the South and Southerners who did the same".
Carpetbagger is a pejorative term that was used by former Confederates in the US Southern states, after the US Civil war, to refer to population from Northern states who had moved to the South.
On the other hand, scalawag was also a pejorative form of denominating Southerners who joined the power structures imposed from the Union forces that had won the war.