Final answer:
The factual statement about China is that the Mandate of Heaven was an idea developed in ancient China. This statement is supported by historical records and shaped Chinese ideology around dynastic cycles.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement about China that is a fact rather than an opinion is: (2) The Mandate of Heaven was an idea developed in ancient China.
This statement can be validated by historical texts and the cultural legacy left behind by ancient Chinese dynasties. The concept of the Mandate of Heaven was instrumental in justifying the rule of different dynasties throughout China's history. It shaped the Chinese ideology around dynastic cycles, emphasizing moral leadership and legitimacy for rulers. This idea was central to the political philosophy of the time and was used to explain the fall of one dynasty and the rise of another.