Question

In which type of reaction is an atom of one element converted to an atom of a different element?

(1) decomposition (3) saponification
(2) neutralization (4) transmutation

Answer 1

Transmutation.  During fission or fusion, and atom can gain or lose protons, making it a different element.

Answer 2

Anser is: 4) transmutation.

Transmutation is a process that involves a change in the nucleus of an atom. It can be natural or artificial.

For example: 14/7 N + 4/2 He --> 17/8 O + 1/1 H.

This example is the first artificial nuclear transmutation described by Rutherford in 1919.

Artificial transmutation can be expressed by nuclear reaction:

Target Nuclide + Bombardment Particle → New Nuclide (New Element) + Ejected Particle.