1) Chemical equation.
2) Types of reaction.
Synthesis. A compound is made from simpler materials.
Single replacement. One element that starts out by itself replaces another element in a compound.
Double replacement. Positive and negative ions in two compounds switch places.
Decomposition. A compound is broken down into simpler compounds.
Combustion. A compound containing Carbon and Hydrogen combines with Oxygen gas and produces carbon dioxide and water.
3) The chemical equation above is a decomposition.