a recall
A recall is a vote on whether or not to keep or replace an existing elected official.
The recall process protects voters from a fraudulent or ineffective elected official. Citizens can petition for a recall vote by getting signatures of other citizens showing support for the recall vote. Once a recall vote is granted, there is a new election where the elected official must go against challengers for their position. If they win the recall, they remain in office. If they lose, they are replaced by the person winning the most votes.