Final answer:
An observable fact refers to something that is physically observed and measurable, derived from experiments or direct observation. Facts are empirically based and can be repeatedly verified, making them critical in scientific investigation for establishing the truth under specific conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
An observable fact, event, or circumstance refers to an observation which is a direct, physical observation of something or a process over time. These observations are typically measurable or "quantifiable" and can result in data that is obtained from an experiment. The concept of a fact in this context is something that stands as a basic statement established either by direct experiment or observation. Facts are true under the specific conditions in which they are observed and tend to be empirical; they are grounded in objective, tangible evidence that can be verified through repeat observations, regardless of who is observing.
In science, observation forms a fundamental part of the process which includes the identification, description, experimental investigation, and theoretical explanation of phenomena. There's a difference between observation and hypotheses: while an observation states what happens or has happened in a plain and measurable way, a hypothesis is a testable, educated guess based on observations.
Finally, facts are those statements that can be proven or inferred as true, built upon evidence and data. This is critical in the field of science, where the distinction between subjective interpretation and objective fact is essential for the advancement of knowledge.