Final answer:
The Law of Independent Assortment states that genes sort independently in the formation of gametes. It can be illustrated with a dihybrid cross, where alleles associated with one trait sort independently from alleles associated with another trait.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Law of Independent Assortment states that genes do not influence each other with regard to the sorting of alleles into gametes. Every possible combination of alleles for every gene is equally likely to occur. This principle can be illustrated by a dihybrid cross, which is a cross between two true-breeding parents that express different traits for two characteristics. In this cross, the alleles associated with one trait sort independently from the alleles associated with another trait.