The best and most correct answer among the choices provided by the question is the first choice "Homestead Act"
Signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln on May 20, 1862, theHomestead Act encouraged Western migration by providing settlers 160 acres of public land. In exchange, homesteaders paid a small filing fee and were required to complete five years of continuous residence before receiving ownership of the land.
I hope my answer has come to your help. God bless and have a nice day ahead!