Remember that
the average rate of change is equal to
(f(b)-f(a))/(b-a)
in this problem we have
a=1.5
b=3
f(a)=f(1.5)=1
f(b)=f(3)=4
substitute
(4-1)/(3-1.5)
3/1.5
=2
therefore
the rate of change is 2
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