DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. The deoxy- in the DNA is a short term for deoxyribose. The nucleic acid molecule has three parts; sugar, phosphate and a base. The phosphate in the DNA acts as a backbone of the molecule. It is also responsible for the DNA’s ‘double-helix’ structure. The base has four codes namely adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine. Adenine and thymine are bse pairs whereas cytosine and guanine are base pairs. They are not to be interchanged. Resulting in one cause mutation in the gene.