Hey there! Hello!
I wouldn't say this is true. As an artist, colour theory has to do with colour combination and mixing and helps artists see which colours look good together, what they should mix in order to achieve a certain colour/effect/etc., that kind of thing. It's not something that computers use.
I believe what computers do use is hex codes. They're six digit codes that go alongside HTML and other coding languages to identify colours. For example, solid white would be #ffffff and solid black would be #000000, just to name 2 of the many out there.
Hope this helps you out! Feel free to ask me any additional questions if you have any. :-)