Question

You can purchase nitric acid in a concentrated form that is 70.3% HNO3 by mass and has a density of 1.41 g/mL. Describe exactly how you would prepare 1.15 L of 0.100 M HNO3 from the concentrated solution.

Answer 1

To prepare 1.15 L of 0.100 M HNO3 from the concentrated solution (70.3% HNO3), you will need to measure 164 mL of the concentrated nitric acid solution and then dilute it with water to a final volume of 1.15 L.

Step-by-step explanation:

To prepare 1.15 L of 0.100 M HNO3 from the concentrated solution, you will need to use a dilution formula. Let's calculate the amount of concentrated solution needed. The molarity of the concentrated solution can be calculated using the formula:M1V1 = M2V2

Here, M1 is the molarity of the concentrated solution (70.3% HNO3), V1 is the volume of the concentrated solution needed, M2 is the desired molarity (0.100 M), and V2 is the final volume of the diluted solution (1.15 L). Plugging in the values, we get:(0.703)(V1) = (0.100)(1.15)

Solving for V1, the volume of the concentrated solution needed is approximately 0.164 L (or 164 mL).

So, you will need to measure 164 mL of the concentrated nitric acid solution and then dilute it with water to a final volume of 1.15 L.

Answer 2

You will need to dilute 7.30 ml of the concentrated solution into the 1.15 L of the diuluted one by adding water.

Step-by-step explanation:

First you need to calculate how much acid you'll need in order to prepare the diluted solution. If you know the volume and the molarity, just multiply.

1.15 l * 0.1 M = 0.115 mols of HNO3

Multiplying by the molar mass you'll convert that value into grams

0.115 * 63g/mol = 7.245 g HNO3

Now you use the concentrated solution to know how much to extract.

70.3 g of HNO3 pure are in 100 g of Solution, then 7.245 are in x

X= (7.245 * 100)/ 70.3 = 10.3 grams of concentrated solution.

Using the density you convert the mass into volume:

V = m/dens --> V = 10.3 g / 1.41 g/ml --> V= 7.3 ml

You'll take 7,30 ml of the concentrated solution and add water until reach the required volume for the solution.