#1) Brief summary of the immigration policy
Answer: Canada's immigration policy has two main objectives. Those are to reunite families, and to establish a strong, viable economy in all regions of Canada. The Government grants residence to members of the Family Class, Business Class and Economic Class.
#2) How many immigrants do they allow per year?
Answer: They allow 300,000 per year. I believe that they embrace this policy to help Canada's economic power.
#3) How many illegal immigrants are there?
Answer: They reportedly have between 35,000 and 120,000.
#4) What is the penalty for illegal immigrants?
Answer: They are issued a removal order and then they are deported from the country. In this policy Canada is relatively lax compared to the policies of other nations.
#5) What points of their immigration policy work well and do not work well?
Answer: I believe that there are downside to some policies that they have established. For example Millions of job seekers will arrive to Canada with the objective of taking them away from Canadians. Also any person with any type of background cant start and get a new life in Canada, even if they have a criminal record.
I hope it helps, Regards.