Question

What bonding produces substances that are hard, or difficult to crush?

Answer 1

Ionic and covalent bonding produce hard substances that are difficult to crush, such as diamond and silicon dioxide.

Step-by-step explanation:

Ionic and covalent bonding produce substances that are hard or difficult to crush. Ionic compounds, such as NaCl, have strong ionic bonds that hold the ions together in a 3D array of crystal lattices, resulting in hard solids with high melting points. Covalent compounds that exist as a 3D network of covalent bonds, like diamond or silicon dioxide, are also hard materials with higher melting points than ionic compounds. Covalent network solids are characterized by hardness, strength, and high melting points because covalent bonds must be broken to break or melt these solids.

Answer 2

Covalent bonding produces substances that are hard, or difficult to crush. This type of bonding results in the hardest substances. For example, diamond and granite are results of covalent bonds.