The correct answer is D) living in close proximity to others from their country.
The element that helped immigrants retain the culture of their native lands was they lived in close proximity to others from their country.
For immigrants, it was very important to still follow his traditions and respect their beliefs of their former countries. One way to do it was by living in close proximity to others from their country so the culture and traditions could be maintained, starting with the language. They even supported each other when difficulties arose.