Question

A trolley of mass 5.0 kg is moving at 1.0 ms to the right. A constant force of 25 N acts to the left for 0.75 seconds.

Calculate the change of kinetic energy of the trolley.
(Show Work)

Answer 1

change in kinetic energy of the trolley is 53.91 J.

Step-by-step explanation:

mass of the trolley, m = 5.0 kg

initial velocity of the trolley, u = 1.0 m/s

external force on the trolley, F = 25 N

time of force action, t = 0.75 s

The final velocity of the trolley at the end of 0.75 s is calculated as follows;

`F = (m(v-u))/(t) \\\\25 = (5(v-1))/(0.75)\\\\5(v-1) = 18.75\\\\v-1 = (18.75)/(5) \\\\v-1 = 3.75\\\\v = 4.75 \ m/s \ in \ the \ direction \ of \ the \ applied \ force`

The change in kinetic energy of the trolley is calculated as;

Δ K.E = ¹/₂m(v² - u²)

Δ K.E = ¹/₂ x 5(4.75² - 1²)

Δ K.E = 53.91 J.

Therefore, change in kinetic energy of the trolley is 53.91 J.