Step-by-step explanation:
In each case, the problem statement tells you that cost depends on something. The dependent variable is cost. The independent variable is the quantity of that something. You can assign variables in the traditional way: let y = cost; let x = the quantity that costs. Or, you can assign more meaningful letters/names for the variables: let c = cost; let h = hours; let p = number of persons in the car.
The total cost in each case consists of a base cost that does not depend on hours or persons, and a per-unit cost that does. The latter is multiplied by the quantity and added to the former to give you your equation.
1.
Variables: let c = cost in dollars; let h = hours
Equation: c = 2h +3 . . . . $3 is the base cost (for safety equipment); $2 is the per-hour cost.
Table: a few ordered pairs are ...
(h, c) = (0, 3), (1, 5), (2, 7), (3, 9)
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2.
Variables: let c = cost in dollars; let p = number of persons in the car
Equation: c = 2h +4 . . . . $4 is the base cost; $2 is the cost per person
Table: a few ordered pairs are ...
(p, c) = (1, 6), (2, 8), (3, 10), (4, 12)