Final answer:
The national government, specifically Congress, which includes the House of Representatives and the Senate, exercises concurrent, enumerated, and implied powers.
Step-by-step explanation:
The national government exercises all three types of powers: concurrent powers, enumerated powers, and implied powers. Concurrent powers are shared between the states and the federal government. Enumerated powers are explicitly stated in the Constitution, and implied powers are not specifically detailed but are inferred as necessary to achieve the objectives of the national government. The legislative branch, or Congress, which is composed of the House of Representatives and the Senate, exercises all these powers. Therefore, the correct answer is The President; the Senate.