Answer: A) an inference
Step-by-step explanation:
An inference can be define as the process of computing the observation and knowledge of the scientific literature to derive a valid conclusion that makes a sense.
According to the given situation, an inference can be made by observing the sunflower turning in the presence of light, which can be based upon the knowledge of phototropism. The phototropism can be define as the movement of the plant parts in the presence of sunlight.