Final answer:
Taste receptor cells, which discern five primary tastes including umami, are located on taste buds in specific papillae on the tongue.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sense receptors for taste are taste receptor cells, and these receptors are located on the taste buds. Taste buds are found in tiny bumps on the tongue known as papillae. Four of the primary tastes each have their own type of receptor: sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and one for meaty or savory tastes which is known as umami. Taste receptor cells make contact with chemicals in food through tiny openings called taste pores, and when these chemicals bind with the cells, nerve impulses are generated that travel to the central nervous system (CNS).
Three of the four types of papillae on the tongue contain taste buds. These include the fungiform papillae, which are mostly found on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, the circumvallate papillae located at the back of the tongue forming a V shape, and the foliate papillae on the sides of the tongue. The filiform papillae don't contain taste buds but are important for the sensory aspect of touch.