Question

Draw and name all of the structural isomers that are ketones with five carbon atoms in its longest chain and the molecular formula C5H10O. Can this molecular formula also have an aldehyde structure? If so, illustrate and name the aldehyde. Can this be drawn as an ether? Explain.

Answer 1

see explanation below

Step-by-step explanation:

The previous answer is incomplete. The question is to draw and name all the structural isomers ketone with 5 carbon atoms longest chain and the formula was C5H10O.

In picture 1, we have the only two isomers of the molecular formula. A ketone with 5 carbons, can have the the C = O in two positions only, so there are two isomers.

Second question is if the molecular can have an aldehyde structure, and the answer is YES. an aldehyde have the C = O right at the end or beggining of a carbonated chain, leaving one bond with an hydrogen atom. Picture 2 have the aldehyde.

Finally, is this formula be drawn as ether? YES. Because with this formula, we can calculate the number of insaturations, which is:

N° I = C+1 - (H - X + N)/2

Doing so we have:

N°I = 6 - 10/2 = 1

This means that the structure should have at least one double bond. This double bond can be in any part of the structure, it can be C = C or C = O (In the case of ketones and aldehydes) doing so, we can have an ether with a double bond in any C - C bond as you can see in picture 2.

Answer 2

Structural isomers of C5H10O with five carbon atoms in the longest chain.

CH3-------C------CH2------CH2-------CH3
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O
Ethers are a class of organic compounds that contain an ether group — an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups — of general formula R–O–R'.

We can’t draw the ether structure of C5H10O with five carbon atoms in the longest chain because we have only five carbon atoms and we get only one alkyl or aryl groups.