Question

When Na and Cl combine to form a compound, which atom(s) will become a cation?

View the periodic table
A. Na only
B. Cl only
C. both Na and Cl
D. neither Na nor Cl

Answer 1

Na only because cation is a positive ion whole cl is a negative ion in anion

Answer 2

Answer: A. Na only

Step-by-step explanation:

An ionic bond is formed when an element completely transfers its valence electron to another element. The element which donates the electron is known as electropositive element and forms a positively charged ion called as cation. The element which accepts the electrons is known as electronegative element and forms a negatively charged ion called as anion.

Electronic configuration of sodium:

`[Na]=1s^22s^22p^63s^1`

Sodium atom will loose one electron to gain noble gas configuration and form sodium cation with +1 charge.

`[Na^+]=1s^22s^22p^63s^0`

Electronic configuration of chlorine:

`[Cl]=1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^5`

Chlorine atom will gain one electron to gain noble gas configuration and form chloride ion with -1 charge.

`[Cl^-]=1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^6`