1)
Remember:
(a+b)(a-b)=a²-b²²
(a+b)²=a²+2ab+b²
(2r+9)(2r-9)+(2r-9)²=4r²-81+4r²-36r+81=8r²-36r
Answer: (2r+9)(2r-9)=8r²-36r
2)
12-[(a³+a²-a)/a]+5a=12-(a²+a-1)+5a=12-a²-a+1+5a=-a²+4a+13
Answer: 12-[(a³+a²-a)/a]+5a=-a²+4a+13
3)
(x⁴+7) / (x-3)
x³+3x²+9x+27
x-3 x⁴+0x³+0x²+0x+7
-x⁴+3x³
--------------------------
3x³+0x²+0x+7
-3x³+9x²
---------------------------
9x²+0x+7
-9x²+27x
-----------------------------
27x+7
-27x+81
------------------------------
88
Quotient: Q(x)= x³+3x²+9x+27
Remainder R(x)=88
Therefore:(x⁴+7) / (x-3)= x³+3x²+9x+27 + 88/(x-3)