Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
a) Find the total unemployment rate
Total labour force = 40 million
Number of employed = 30 million
Number of unemployed = 40 - 30 = 10 million
Unemployment rate = (unemployed / Labour force) × 100
Unemployment rate = (10 million / 40 million) × 100 = 25%
b) Calculate the cyclical unemployment rate
Cyclical unemployment rate = Unemployment rate - natural rate of unemployment
Unemployment rate = 25%
Natural rate of unemployment = 12%
Cyclical unemployment rate = 25 - 12 = 13%