The correct answer to the first question is Totalitarianism. This is most easily observed in Italy and Germany where Fascism and Nazism rose, as well as Spain which was fascist as well but did not participate in the war. The answer to the second is mount a strong resistance to Japanese expansion in Asia and the Pacific. Japan wanted to spread into China, Korea, Vietnam, and many other countries of the Chinese-SEA region and didn't want the USA to interfere.