1.Dichlorine monoxide: Cl₂O
2. Disulfur dichloride: S₂Cl₂
3.Carbon tetrafluoride:CF₄
4.Phosphorus pentachloride: PCl₅
5.Nitrogen tribromide: NBr₃
6. AsI₃:Arsenic triiodide
7.P₄O₁₀: Tetraphosphorus decaoxide
8. Cl₂O₇: Dichlorine heptoxide
9.SeCl₆:Selenium hexachloride
10.NO:Nitrogen monoxide
To write formulas for covalent compounds from their names (and vice versa), you can follow these steps:
1. From Name to Formula: Break down the name into its prefixes and base names to determine the number of atoms of each element present, then write the formula with the appropriate subscripts.
2. From Formula to Name: Determine the number of atoms of each element present from the formula, then use the appropriate prefixes for the numbers and add the base name of the non-metal with an "ide" ending for the second element.
Here's how it works for each of the compounds listed:
1. Dichlorine monoxide:
- "Di-" indicates 2 atoms of chlorine (Cl).
- "Mono-" indicates 1 atom of oxygen (O).
- Formula: Cl₂O
2. Disulfur dichloride:
- "Di-" indicates 2 atoms of sulfur (S).
- "Di-" also indicates 2 atoms of chlorine (Cl).
- Formula: S₂Cl₂
3. Carbon tetrafluoride:
- "Carbon" indicates 1 atom of carbon (C).
- "Tetra-" indicates 4 atoms of fluorine (F).
- Formula: CF₄
4. Phosphorus pentachloride:
- "Phosphorus" indicates 1 atom of phosphorus (P).
- "Penta-" indicates 5 atoms of chlorine (Cl).
- Formula: PCl₅
5. Nitrogen tribromide:
- "Nitrogen" indicates 1 atom of nitrogen (N).
- "Tri-" indicates 3 atoms of bromine (Br).
- Formula: NBr₃
6. AsI₃:
- Arsenic (As) is the first element, indicating 1 atom of arsenic.
- Iodine (I) with subscript "3" indicates 3 atoms of iodine.
- Name: Arsenic triiodide
7. P₄O₁₀:
- Phosphorus (P) with subscript "4" indicates 4 atoms of phosphorus.
- Oxygen (O) with subscript "10" indicates 10 atoms of oxygen.
- Name: Tetraphosphorus decaoxide
8. Cl₂O₇:
- Chlorine (Cl) with subscript "2" indicates 2 atoms of chlorine.
- Oxygen (O) with subscript "7" indicates 7 atoms of oxygen.
- Name: Dichlorine heptoxide
9. SeCl₆:
- Selenium (Se) is the first element, indicating 1 atom of selenium.
- Chlorine (Cl) with subscript "6" indicates 6 atoms of chlorine.
- Name: Selenium hexachloride
10. NO:
- Nitrogen (N) is the first element, indicating 1 atom of nitrogen.
- Oxygen (O) without a subscript also indicates 1 atom of oxygen.
- Name: Nitrogen monoxide (commonly known as nitric oxide)