The Civil Rights Movement did not suddenly appear out of nowhere in the twentieth century. Efforts to improve the quality of life for African Americans are as old. The American civil rights movement, based mainly in African American churches and colleges of the South, involved marches, boycotts, and extensive efforts of civil disobedience, such as sit-ins, as well as voter education and voting drives. a federal court ruled that the laws in place to keep buses segregated were unconstitutional, and the U.S. Supreme Court eventually agreed. The Montgomery bus boycott was one of the first major movements that initiated social change during the civil rights movement. Civil rights movement literature performed the same expansion of the movement's temporal boundaries. It built on earlier literary protest traditions, namely, literary abolitionism, to perform its cultural work, and it also used the memory of past activism to create a protest ancestry for civil rights.