8. The answer is "Gutenberg printing press".
Gutenberg's invention of the printing press implied that books could be created in more prominent numbers and more rapidly and inexpensively than any time in recent memory. This prompted a tremendous social and social transformation the repercussions of which are still observed and felt today. It was the web of its day!
This invention likewise implied that he could print in shading as the pages could be passed a second and third and fourth time through the press to be over-printed with the shading settings.
9. The answer is "to find Riches for his country and to increase the power of Portugal".
Prince Henry the Navigator was the sovereign who sent Bartholomew Diaz on his trek around the Cape of Africa. He needed Portugal to achieve Asia before England so they would be all the more great and powerful.
10. The answer is "to find new trade routes".
The European Age of Exploration started in the mid fifteenth century and was powered by rivalry between different advancing domains and the mission for financial, scholarly, and religious development.
Since European were sliced off from movement to the "Far East" by the overcoming of substantial parts of North Africa, the Mediterranean, France, and Spain in the eighth century, voyagers set off via ocean to discover new trade routes that would enable them to ;exchange; with Asia in the quest for extravagance products.
11. The answer is "Germany - home of Gutenberg and Luther
Spain - supported early technology advances and voyages around Africa
Ottoman Empire - controlled Constantinople and blocked overland routes to Asia".
Portugal is incorrect because Spain financed Columbus.
Italy is incorrect because they were not by any means the only nation that exchanged with Asia.