Final answer:
Intrinsic properties are independent of the amount of matter, such as density and boiling point, while extrinsic properties depend on the amount of matter, like mass and volume. These properties are fundamental to material selection in various applications.
Step-by-step explanation:
The properties of matter can be categorized into intrinsic (intensive) and extrinsic (extensive) properties. Intrinsic properties are those that do not depend on the amount of matter present, whereas extrinsic properties do.
Examples of Intrinsic Properties:
- Density (mass per unit volume)
- Boiling Point (temperature at which a substance boils)
- Melting Point (temperature at which a substance melts)
- Electrical Conductivity (ability to conduct electricity)
- Magnetic Permeability (ability to support the formation of a magnetic field)
Examples of Extrinsic Properties:
- Mass (amount of matter in an object)
- Volume (amount of space occupied by a substance)
- Weight (the force of gravity acting on an object)
- Length (measure of one dimension of an object)
- Energy Content (the total energy in a substance)
Understanding these properties is essential not only in chemistry but also in practical applications such as material selection in construction, manufacturing, and designing household objects like the cupboard, which relies on the strength and durability of materials like wood and metals.