Final answer:
The best indicator of bone health is bone mineral density (A). It reflects the strength of bones and risk for osteoporosis, measured accurately by DEXA. Nutrition, exercise, and maintaining mineral homeostasis are vital for preserving bone health.
Step-by-step explanation:
A good indicator of bone health is bone mineral density (A). Bone density is a measure of the total mass of calcium in the bones of the skeleton, and it generally peaks around age 30. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is a diagnostic tool used to measure this bone density. While other factors, such as blood calcium level, frame size, and height can provide insights into bone health, bone mineral density is the most direct measure of bone strength and the risk of fractures or osteoporosis. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle through weight-bearing exercises and getting enough calcium and vitamin D can help in preserving bone density.
Nutrition and bone tissue are closely linked, as certain nutrients affect bone health significantly. Resistance training and a diet rich in minerals and vitamins help in maintaining bone density and preventing bone-related diseases. It is also indispensable for the skeleton to maintain mineral homeostasis to keep the body functioning correctly, as bones store or release minerals to balance blood levels when needed. Therefore, while blood calcium levels can reflect certain aspects of bone metabolism, they are not as direct an indicator of bone strength and integrity as bone mineral density is.