slope of line perpendicular to : x - 5y = -10
-5y = -x - 10
y = 1/5x + 2.....slope here is 1/5...perpendicular line needs a negative reciprocal slope. All that means is flip the slope and change the sign.
1/5......flip.....5/1.....change the sign....-5/1...or just -5 <== answer
slope of line parallel to 4x + y = -1
y = -4x - 1...slope here is -4....parallel lines will have the same slope
answer is : -4
slope of line perpendicular to x - 3y = 9
-3y = -x + 9
y = 1/3x - 3....slope = 1/3.....flip...3/1....change sign...-3 <== answer
slope of line parallel to 10x - 5y = 8
-5y = -10x + 8
y = 2x - 8/5....slope = 2....parallel lines have same slope...answer = 2
slope of line parallel to 4x + 2y = 5
2y = -4x + 5
y = -2x + 5/2.....slope = -2