Question

The addition of hydrochloric acid to a silver nitrate solution precipitates silver chloride according to the reaction: AgNO3(aq)+HCl(aq)→AgCl(s)+HNO3(aq). When you combine 70.0mL of 0.185M AgNO3 with 70.0mL of 0.185M HCl in a coffee-cup calorimeter, the temperature changes from 23.16∘C to 24.25∘C.. Calculate ΔHrxn for the reaction as written. Use 1.00 g/mL as the density of the solution and C=4.18J/g⋅∘C as the specific heat capacity.

Answer 1

Answer: The enthalpy change of the reaction is 49305.02 J/mol

Step-by-step explanation:

To calculate mass of a substance, we use the equation:

`\text{Density of substance}=\frac{\text{Mass of substance}}{\text{Volume of substance}}`

We are given:

Density of solution = 1.00 g/mL

Volume of solution = (70.0 + 70.0) mL = 140.0 mL

Putting values in above equation, we get:

`1g/mL=\frac{\text{Mass of solution}}{140.0mL}\\\\\text{Mass of solution}=(1g/mL* 140.0mL)=140.0g`

• To calculate the heat absorbed, we use the equation:

`q=mc\Delta T`

where,

q = heat absorbed

m = mass of solution = 140.0 g

c = specific heat capacity of water = 4.184 J/g.°C

`\Delta T` = change in temperature =
`[24.25-23.16]^oC=1.09^oC`

Putting values in above equation, we get:

`q=140.0g* 4.184J/g.^oC* 1.09^oC\\\\q=638.5J`

• To calculate the number of moles for given molarity, we use the equation:

`\text{Molarity of the solution}=\frac{\text{Moles of solute}* 1000}{\text{Volume of solution (in mL)}}`

Molarity of HCl solution = 0.185 M

Volume of solution = 70.0 mL

Putting values in above equation, we get:

`0.185=\frac{\text{Moles of HCl}* 1000}{70.0}\\\\\text{Moles of HCl}=(0.185* 70.0)/(1000)=0.01295mol`

• To calculate the enthalpy change of the reaction, we use the equation:

`\Delta H_(rxn)=(q)/(n)`

where,

`q` = amount of heat absorbed = 638.5 J

n = number of moles = 0.01295 moles

`\Delta H_(rxn)` = enthalpy change of the reaction

Putting values in above equation, we get:

`\Delta H_(rxn)=(638.5J)/(0.01295mol)=49305.02J/mol`

Hence, the enthalpy change of the reaction is 49305.02 J/mol

Answer 2

C = 4.18 delta T = 24.25 - 23.16 = 1.09 mol = 0.070L * 0.185M = 0.01295 m = d*v = 1.00*(0.070+0.070) = 0.14g So, delta H = q/mol HCl = [mC(deltaT)]/mol HCl = (0.14*4.18*1.09)/(0.01295) = 49.3 kJ