The words and phrases that you are being asked about are considered metaphors.
A metaphor happens word or phrase is used on an object that can not actually do the action is being given, it has an underlying meaning.
8. "Bent birches" make reference to how they bend with the weight of the boy swinging on them. B is Correct
9. "Shed crystal shells" is a metaphorical way of comparing crystal with the ice that falls from the trees. B is Correct
10. In the haiku by Kaga No Chiyo, she considers the effects of nature elements, she attributed the power of change to the wind. B is Correct