The answer is - b. human activity.
The human activity in the past few decades is enormous and is shadowing all other natural factors that influence environmental changes. The tropical rainforests are one of the heaviest influenced. All of the tropical rainforests are found in countries that are either in developing phase or are ''third world'' countries. In here the first thing on mind for both the governments and people is to survive, and the damage to the environment is not taken into consideration, so the rainforests are used for making a profit, agriculture land, building houses, and they are destroyed systematically without taking the long-term effect into consideration.