Question 1. The correct answer is option B. "The Great Leap Forward eliminated all elements of free enterprise; the Four Modernizations is moving China toward a market economy". The Great Leap Forward is considered one of the major failures of Mao, as it resulted in the elimination of the last traces of free enterprise in the chinese villages. On the other hand, Four Modernizations by Deng Xiaoping strengthed the fields of agriculture, industry and science and technology in China.
Question 2. The correct answer is option A. "to help them survive". Early groups of people needed to form governments in order to survive, which also resulted in people having an identity and culture.