Final answer:
Aeschylus is considered the father of Greek tragedy, known for his innovations in theater like adding a second actor and reducing the chorus size. His most famous work is the Oresteia trilogy. He was a contemporary of other renowned tragedians Sophocles and Euripides.
Step-by-step explanation:
The father of Greek tragedy is considered to be Aeschylus. A significant figure in ancient Greek theatre, Aeschylus introduced the second actor (deuteragonist) to the stage and diminished the chorus in his works. His most notable piece is the Oresteia trilogy, which delves into the tale of the House of Atreus. This trilogy includes Agamemnon, The Libation Bearers, and The Eumenides, and it's the only complete trilogy of Greek drama to have survived to this day. Competing alongside Aeschylus were two other famous tragedians, Sophocles and Euripides, both of whom contributed significantly to the genre, with Sophocles emphasizing the human heroes' response to the deeds of gods and Euripides challenging his audience with dark tragedies touching upon contemporary themes and questions.