Final answer:
The Montgomery bus boycott was a political and social protest campaign against racial segregation on the Montgomery, Alabama public transit system. It lasted for 381 days and resulted in a Supreme Court decision declaring segregated buses unconstitutional.
Step-by-step explanation:
The purpose of the Montgomery bus boycott was a political and social protest campaign against racial segregation on the Montgomery, Alabama public transit system. It was initiated after Rosa Parks, an African American woman, was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white person on a bus. The boycott lasted for 381 days and involved African Americans boycotting the buses, organizing carpools, and walking to their destinations. It attracted national attention and ultimately led to a Supreme Court decision that declared segregated buses unconstitutional.