Final answer:
DNA is the macromolecule made up of nucleic acids, specifically composed of nucleotide monomers. Myelin's main components are lipids and proteins, crucial for nerve cell insulation and function.
Step-by-step explanation:
The macromolecule made up of nucleic acids is DNA. DNA and RNA are types of nucleic acids consisting of long chains of nucleotides. Nucleic acids are vital for cellular functions including cell division and protein synthesis. The building blocks of nucleic acids are nucleotides, each of which is composed of three components: a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group. DNA stores genetic information and is key for passing on hereditary traits, while RNA plays a crucial role in synthesizing and regulating proteins within the cell.
The Building Blocks of Nucleic Acids
Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids and are essential for the structure and function of DNA. These nucleotides are made up of a five-carbon sugar called deoxyribose (in the case of DNA), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. These components are necessary for the unique complementary base pairing that is critical for the structure of DNA.
Main Components of Myelin
Myelin, the insulating layer around nerve cells, primarily consists of lipids and proteins. These macromolecules facilitate efficient transmission of electrical impulses along nerve fibers.