Question

[05.01] Which of the following best explains what happens when the kinetic energy of particles in a solid state increases?

They vibrate so quickly that the particles ionize and become plasma.
They vibrate so slowly that the particles are no longer held together, resulting in a gas.
They vibrate fast enough to overcome the forces of attraction holding them together and become a liquid.
They vibrate more slowly, causing the forces of attraction holding them together to increase, resulting in a liquid.

Answer 1

They vibrate fast enough to overcome the forces of attraction holding them together and become a liquid.

Step-by-step explanation:

Solids are more tightly packed than liquids. Liquids particles have a higher kinetic energy. When solid particles are heated, then the kinetic energy of the solid particle increases. Now the solid particles in their rigid structure show a greater vibrational motion.

Th higher vibrational motion helps the solid particles to overcome the intermolecular forces of attraction and thereby undergo a phase change forming liquids.

Answer 2

The correct answer among the choices given is the third option. When the kinetic energy of particles on a solid state increases, the particles vibrate fast enough to overcome the forces of attraction holding them together and become a liquid. This is due to the increase in the energy of motion in each particle.