Let
t--------> the time in hours
d-------> the distance in miles
we know that

this is a linear equation that represent the scenario
in this equation the independent variable is the time t and the dependent variable is the distance d
The distance's equation in function notation is equal to

Using a graph tool
see the attached figure
The domain of the function is the interval----------> [0,∞)

The range of the function is the interval-------> [0,∞)

Statements
a) The independent variable, the input, is the variable d, representing distance
The statement is false
Because the independent variable is the variable t
b) The distance traveled depends on the amount of time Marlene rides her bike
The statement is true
Because the distance's equation in function notation is equal to

c) The initial value of the scenario is 16 miles per hour
The statement is false
Because
represent the rate or the slope of the linear equation
d) The equation t = d + 16 represents the scenario
The statement is false
Because, the scenario is represented by the function

e) The function f(t) = 16t represents the scenario
The statement is true