Whenever any theory is given then it is not just given by one observation, there are many observations on which a single theory is given. There can be different kinds of observations and evidences from a variety of fields to support a theory so that the result is accurate and precise.
Whenever any experiment is done it is also done with a large sample space so the results are correct and accurate.
That is why the theory of evolution has evidences from different fields like from fossils and from DNA sequences, phylogenetic tree and many more places.