Final answer:
Madame Defarge's development is best represented by her role as an active leader of a group of women revolutionaries, mirroring the participation of women in the French Revolution and aligning with its ideals of equality and empowerment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The development of Madame Defarge in the context of the French Revolution is best explained by her role as an active leader among revolutionaries, especially in leading other women. Madame Defarge is a character that embodies the revolutionary spirit and the grievances of the oppressed in Charles Dickens's novel A Tale of Two Cities. The correct answer highlights the continuation of revolutionary ideas through her direct action and influence.
Madame Defarge is not merely a silent observer; her character development is characterized by her leading role against the aristocracy. The excerpts provided discuss how women, despite their disenfranchisement, were instrumental in the revolutionary movements, echoing the determination and active participation seen in the character of Madame Defarge. Additionally, her involvement in the business aspect of the wine shop shows economic independence, a trait that aligns with the revolutionary ideals of equality and empowerment.
Considering the context and roles mentioned, option A, Madame Defarge takes action and leads a group of women revolutionaries, best explains her development. This option reflects how she aligns with the fervor and objectives of the French Revolution, as well as the participation of women in revolutionary activities, despite their lack of political rights.