Final answer:
The Lincoln-Douglas debates took place during the 1858 Illinois campaign for the U.S. Senate, bringing national attention to Abraham Lincoln and establishing his reputation within the Republican Party ahead of the 1860 presidential election.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates and the 1858 Election
The Lincoln-Douglas debates were a series of seven debates that took place in 1858 as part of the Illinois campaign for the U.S. Senate. Although Abraham Lincoln did not win the Senate seat, the debates against Stephen Douglas garnered national attention for Lincoln and his views on slavery, and were instrumental in paving the way for his subsequent election to the presidency in 1860. The debates centered around the major issue of the time: the future of slavery in America, particularly its expansion into new territories. These historic encounters highlighted the contentious divide between the Democrats, who were led by Douglas, and the Republicans, with Lincoln emerging as a formidable figure. Despite the loss, the debates were a significant stepping stone for Lincoln, exposing the failings of Douglas's policies to a national audience and establishing Lincoln as a prominent national figure in the Republican Party.
The background of the debates was set against the troubles in Kansas and the Dred Scott decision. In Illinois, the Democrats traditionally held sway, but the slavery debates allowed the Republican Party to gain ground. Douglas retained his seat in the Senate after the debates, but the Republican Party did well in the elections. If state apportionment had reflected the growth of the northern districts more accurately, Lincoln might have won the seat. Nevertheless, the debates had a lasting impact on American politics by clearly delineating the ideological differences between the two parties, particularly on the issue of slavery, and elevating Lincoln's national political profile ahead of the presidential election of 1860.