Answer:
Si > Al > Mg > Na
Step-by-step explanation:
In an atom, there is the positively charged particle' the proton, the negatively charged particle; the electron and neutral charged particle; the neutron. The effect of the proton on an atom that is the ability of these positive particles to attract the negative[valence electrons] particles is known as Effective nuclear charge.
[1]. Electron configuration of Silicon, Si = (1s²2s²2p⁶) 3s²3p².
The configuration part of Si in bracket is known as the inner electrons while the ones without brackets are the outer/valence electrons.
The total number of electrons = 14, the inner electrons= 10. Thus, effective nuclear charge = 14 - 10 = 4.
[2]. Electron configuration of Aluminum, Al = (1s²2s²2p⁶) 3s²3p¹.
The configuration part of Al in bracket is known as the inner electrons while the ones without brackets are the outer/valence electrons.
The total number of electrons = 13, the inner electrons= 10. Thus, effective nuclear charge = 13 - 10 = 3.
[3]. Electron configuration of Magnesium, Mg = (1s²2s²2p⁶) 3s²
The configuration part of Mg in bracket is known as the inner electrons while the ones without brackets are the outer/valence electrons.
The total number of electrons = 12, the inner electrons= 10. Thus, effective nuclear charge = 12 - 10 = 2.
[4]. Electron configuration of sodium, Na = (1s²2s²2p⁶) 3s¹.
The configuration part of Na in bracket is known as the inner electrons while the ones without brackets are the outer/valence electrons.
The total number of electrons = 11, the inner electrons= 10. Thus, effective nuclear charge = 11 - 10 = 1.