Final answer:
Coronary artery disease is the result of reduced blood flow to the heart caused by the build-up of fatty deposits in the arteries.
Step-by-step explanation:
Coronary artery disease, alternatively termed coronary heart disease (CHD) or ischemic heart disease (IHD), emerges from a diminished blood supply to the heart due to the accumulation of fatty deposits, known as plaque, within the arteries. Comprising cholesterol, connective tissue, white blood cells, and smooth muscle cells, this plaque gradually accumulates, resulting in arterial narrowing.
As the arteries constrict, the available space for blood flow diminishes, creating an impediment to the efficient delivery of blood to the heart and other vital organs throughout the body. This intricate process underscores the multifaceted nature of coronary artery disease, involving both structural and physiological aspects that impact cardiovascular health.