Final answer:
The amount of energy transferred to thermal energy when a car comes to a stop can be calculated using the concept of kinetic energy, which depends on the car's mass and velocity. In this case, the energy transferred is 450,000 J.
Step-by-step explanation:
The amount of energy transferred to thermal energy when the car comes to a stop can be calculated using the concept of kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is given by the formula:
Kinetic energy = 1/2 × mass × velocity²
In this case, the mass of the car is 1000 kg and the velocity is 30 m/s. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
Kinetic energy = 1/2 × 1000 kg × (30 m/s)²
= 1/2 ×1000 kg ×900 m/s²
= 450,000 J
Therefore, 450,000 J of energy is transferred to thermal energy when the car comes to a stop.