Final answer:
In academic writing, information obtained from the Internet must be cited, while personal and common knowledge do not typically require citations. Citations include both internal citations leading to more detailed information and external citations listed on a Works Cited page, with format guidelines provided by specific documentation styles.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the options provided, c. Information obtained from the Internet requires citations and references. Personal knowledge (a) and common knowledge (b) do not typically require citation. The elements that can be drawn from these sources include quotations, anecdotes, facts, background information, and contextual information. Critical to an effective research project is the practice of ethical attribution, which entails citing all sources in both in-text citations and on the Works Cited or References page, with the exception of common knowledge. The types of sources to consult can range from academic journals to government publications, and it is crucial that these sources are credible, trustworthy, and unbiased.
When constructing an academic work, claims made should be backed by research and evidence, which are credited through proper citation. The proper citation involves internal citations within the text and external citations detailed on the Works Cited or References page. The format of these citations is often discipline-specific, and resources like the Modern Language Association or APA Documentation and Format can provide guidelines for these citation styles. Through credible research and ethical citation, the credibility and persuasive nature of a paper are reinforced.